The True Cost of Gene Patents The Economic and Social Consequences of Patenting Genes and Living Organisms
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Pending resolution: the question of who owns DNA.
With the emergence of the Human Genome Project and its private counterparts, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has begun receiving applications for the patenting of genes and genetic sequences. Earlier patent decisions regarding similar scientific advances limited patents to organisms "made by the hand of man," which would seem to remove discovered genes from patent protection. But many appl...
متن کاملتحلیل موضوعی پروانه‌های ثبت اختراع مخترعان ایرانی در پایگاه‌های بین المللی ثبت اختراع در فاصله سالهای 2011-1976
Background and Aim: Patents are used as indicators to assess the growth of science and technology in a given country or area. They are examined to determine the research potentials of research centers, universities, and inventors. This study aims to map the past and current trends in patenting activities with a view to understanding better and tracking the changing nature of science and technol...
متن کاملThe patent is political: the consequences of patenting the BRCA genes in Britain.
OBJECTIVES The paper explores the attempt by an American biotechnology company, Myriad Genetics, to use its patent rights over the BRCA genes to transfer its technology of genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer to Britain. It also investigates the responses of British scientists, health care professionals and patient advocates to this attempted technology transfer. METHODS This paper i...
متن کاملThe gene patent controversy on Twitter: a case study of Twitter users’ responses to the CHEO lawsuit against Long QT gene patents
BACKGROUND The recent Canadian lawsuit on patent infringement, filed by the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), has engendered a significant public debate on whether patenting genes should be legal in Canada. In part, this public debate has involved the use of social networking sites, such as Twitter. This case provides an opportunity to examine how Twitter was used in the context of...
متن کاملبررسی سیر تحول در ثبت اختراعات مرتبط با دی.اِن.اِی با تأکید بر رأی دیوان عالی آمریکا در قضیه انجمن پاتولوژی مولکولی علیه شرکت میریاد
Patentability of inventions related to biotechnology and genetics has been one of the most challenging issues in patent law. One of these challenges is whether patenting products in which natural components are used is correct? Can we put human genes in the ownership of certain individuals? In addition, exercising exclusive rights arising from patents will limit the access of people, in particu...
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